化合物详情

Pesticide Ecotoxicity Data from EPA: 4

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 6.6X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.24 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin may be removed from t...

An estimated BCF of 3.2 was calculated for 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.94(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin can be estimated to be 23(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.24 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Based on analogous compound 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to release hypochlorous and hypobromic acid upon exposure to water(2). 3-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is estimated as 8.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil(SRC) and water surfaces(2). 3-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 6.6X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's production and use as a germicide and fungicide in treatment of water as well as its use as a disinfectant, halogenating agent, catalyst and oxidant(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Occupational exposure to 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is produced or used. The greatest potential for exposure among the general population is from dermal contact with this compound which is used as a disinfectant in swimming pools. (SRC)

3-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's production and use as a germicide and fungicide in treatment of water as well as its use as a disinfectant, halogenating agent, catalyst and oxidant may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 6.6X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.24 days. Particulate-phase 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition....

LC50 (rat) = 1,880 mg/m3/4h

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LD50 Mouse oral 680 mg/kg

/GENOTOXICITY/ Chromosome aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells using 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin, 97%; 0, 100, 200, 500, 1000 or 2000 ug/mL with and without Aroclor-induced rat liver S-9 activation. Only top four doses were analyzed. No significant increase in numerical or structural chromosome aberrations were observed. /5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/