化合物详情

Dichloropropene was detected in one of 8 samples of mother's milk from 4 urban areas in the USA but the isomer was not specified(1). /Dichloropropene/

Pesticide Ecotoxicity Data from EPA: 54

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,3-dichloropropene, which has a vapor pressure of 34.3 and 23.0 mm Hg at 25 °C for the cis and trans-isomers respectively(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-dichloropropene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 and 1.1 days for the cis and trans-isomers(SRC), calculated from their respective rate constants of 1.43X10-11 and 8.4X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 1,3-Dichloropropene is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone and nitrate radicals. The half-life for the reaction wi...

Adsorption is higher in dry soils than in moist soil(2). However, water-saturated soils have air passageways blocked and fumigant movement is decreased(2). This is illustrated by a 20-day study in which the 1,3-dichloropropene diffused to >.46 m in a silty clay loam with 23% moisture (dry wt) and >1.20 m in the same soil when the moisture content was 7.7%(2). The concentration of 1,3-dichloropropene was monitored at ground level and at 42 inches above ground after fumigant was applied to a pineapple field at a depth of 18 inches(1). 1,3-Dichloropropene levels were relatively constant (20-50 ppb) at ground level for 6 days after fumigation; after 9 days the concentration steadily declined to <0.1 ppb after 27-30 days. A light rain at day 6 temporarily increased the release of the fumigan...

ANAEROBIC: Using silty loam and sandy loam soils under anaerobic conditions at 15 and 25 °C, 1,3-dichloropropene had soil metabolism half-lives ranging from 2.4 to 9.1 days. Degradation products included 3-chloroallyl alcohol, propionic acid and an unknown compound(1).

Estimated weighted average BCF 1.91 for the edible portion of all freshwater and estuarine aquatic organisms consumed by Americans. (The estimation method was given). /1,3-Dichloropropene (cis and trans)/. ... Estimated steady state BCF 4.84 (from table). /1,3-Dichloropropene (cis and trans)/(1).

Lab experiments were conducted concerning the principal factors which influence volatilization of 1,3-dichloropropene from soil. Four independent variables were considered: soil type, soil moisture, soil temperature, and dose of the chemical applied to the soil. Soil temperature was the most important variable affecting volatilization loss of 1,3-dichloropropene, with 36.97, 88.69, and 71.03% recovered in n-hexane after 72 hours at 5, 15, and 25 °C, respectively, followed by soil moisture. Air dried soil, air-dried plus 4% water, and air-dried plus 8% water resulted in 39.68, 60.93, and 64.45% total recovered in n-hexane, respectively, after 144 hours. Soil type and 1,3-dichloropropene concentration in the soil had only a small influence on nematicide volatilization, with 36.81, 29.46,...

1,3-Dichloropropene hydrolysis half-lives measured in buffered solutions at pH 5, 7, and 9 were 13.5 days at 20 °C(1). Hydrolysis half-lives measured at pH 5.5 and 7.5 were 2 days at 29 °C, 11-13 days at 15 °C, and 90-100 days at 2 °C(1). Chloroallyl alcohol is the main hydrolytic product, with the hydrolysis being pH independent and temperature dependent(1). Similar hydrolysis half-lives of 3.1, 11.3, and 51 days measured at 30, 20, and 10 °C, respectively, in sterile, buffered water(2). Some hydrolysis dependence on pH was observed in a study that measured half-lives of 8.7, 7.2, and 2.8 days at pH 4, 7, and 10, respectively, in buffer solutions at 20 °C(3). The primary hydrolysis product of 1,3-dichloropropene is 3-chloroallyl alcohol, which is broken down further to 3-chloroacrylic...

A variety of food samples collected from retail stores in the Kanto plain area of Japan in November 1992 did not have any positive detections for 1,3-dichloropropene (specific detection limit not reported)(1). 1,3-Dichloropropene has not been detected in food(2).

ENVIRONMENTAL: Dichloropropene was detected in one of 8 samples of mother's milk from 4 urban areas in the USA but the isomer was not specified(1). /Dichloropropene/

/PLANTS/ 1,3-Dichloropropene at 20 ug/mL of air, killed 100% of microsclerotia after incubation for 30 hr, and at 100 ug/g of soil moisture after incubation for 3 days. Higher temperatures increased the toxicity.

Based on the National Urban Runoff Program in which 86 samples from 19 cities throughout the US were analyzed, 1,3-dichloropropene was detected only in Eugene, OR at 1-2 ppb, which was a 2% frequency of detection nationwide(1). 1,3-Dichloropropene has been detected in wastewater from organic chemicals manufacturing/plastics (79 ppb mean)(2). 1 out of 5 samples of municipal landfill leachate in WI was positive, reporting a concn of 18 ppb (cis isomer) but not detected in 6 samples of municipal landfill leachate in MN(3). Influent of a textile wastewater plant contained 2 ppb of the cis-isomer while effluent from the plant contained 6 ppb of the cis-isomer and 6 ppb of the trans-isomer(4). Influent to a municipal waste treatment plant contained no 1,3-dichloropropene, but following super-...

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

SOURCE DOMINATED: 1,3-Dichloropropene concentrations were reported in samples from the US (4 sites, 16 points) at 7.3 parts per trillion median, 570 parts per trillion maximum (isomer unspecified). One source area, Freeport, TX, that had a mean concentration of 170 parts per trillion, is a site of 1,3-dichloropropene manufacturing(1).

The USEPA STORET Data Base (146 observations) 0.19 ppm mean, 20.0 ppm maximum(1).

1,3-Dichloropropene's production(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its use as a soil fumigant nematocide(1,2) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Its use in organic synthesis(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Emissions, due to its rapid diffusion in soil, can result in air releases in application areas(4). A field experiment conducted under typical agronomic practices found that 16-35% of applied 1,3-dichloropropene was lost through volatilization(5). Another field study estimated 18-23% of applied 1,3-dichloropropene resulted in atmospheric emissions(6). The California State Department of Agriculture reported that in 1971 approximately 1,285 metric tons of pesticide con...

SOIL: Data from the USEPA STORET Data Base reports a 5.44 ppb mean, 500 ppb maximum on dry weight basis of 341 observations(1).

Exposure occurs principally during manufacturing or during bulk handling.

During a study of organic compounds in tobacco smoke, the concentrations of 1,3-dichloropropene in ultra low tar, full flavor low tar, and full flavor cigarette brands were 11.4, 11.7, and 14.4 ug/cigarette, respectively(1).

1,3-Dichloropropene's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its use as a soil fumigant nematocide will result in its direct release to the environment. Its use in organic synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, vapor pressures of 34.3 and 23.0 mm Hg at 25 °C for the cis- and trans-isomers, respectively, indicate 1,3-dichloropropene will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-dichloropropene will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 and 1.1 days for the cis and trans-isomers, respectively. 1,3-Dichloropropene is also degraded in the...

Symptoms occuring after inhalation include gasping, refusal to breathe, coughing, substernal pain; lacrimation and headache are prominant. After inhalation exposures, malaise, headache, chest and abdominal discomfort and irritability can persist during weeks or years. Moreover, Irritation of eyes and upper respiratory mucosa appears promptly after exposure to concentrated vapors. Ingestion can cause cough, sore throat, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness, and laboured breathing (T48, L893).

Following oral exposure, administer charcoal as a slurry. Monitor liver and kidney function; elevations may not be seen for several days. Following eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. Following dermal exposure, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. Following inhalation, move patient to fresh air, even though initial symptoms and signs are mild; keep the victim quiet, in a semi-reclining position. Minimum physical activity limits the likehood of pulmonary edema. If victim is not breathing, clear the airway of secretions and resuscitate with positive pre...

[in animals: cancer of the bladder, liver, lung & forestomach]

Treatment with buthionine sulfoximine (0.2 M in 0.58% NaCl, 4 mL/kg body weight (to inhibit glutathione synthesis) 4 hr before dosing with 1,3-dichloropropene or with diethyl maleate (3.1 M in corn oil, 0.4 ml/kg body weight) (to deplete glutathione) or corn oil itself 1 hour before dosing with 1,3-dichloropropene at 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight, resulted in elevations of N-acetylglucosaminidase excretion. In contrast, treatment with aminooxyacetic acid (0.125 M in 0.85 % NaCl, 4 mL/kg body weight) (which inhibits beta lyase activity) 1 hour before 1,3-dichloropropene injection prevented the 1,3-dichloropropene induced release of N-acetylglucosaminidase from the renal tubule. These results suggest that the nephrotoxic effects of 1,3-dichloropropene may be mediated through the mercapturic...

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

LD50: 304 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L893)

Ingestion of trans-1,3-D can lead to developed gastrointestinal distress, adult respiratory distress syndrome, hematological and hepatorenal functional impairment, acute gastrointestinal distress with pulmonary congestion and edema, central nervous depression, perhaps even in the absence of impaired oxygen uptake. Moreover, this can lead to death. Coma may occur rapidly after inhalation. Inhalation of trans-1,3-D at low concentration can cause central nervous depression and moderate irritation of respiratory system; headache is frequent. After inhalation exposures, malaise, headache, chest and abdominal discomfort and irritability have been reported to persist for several weeks, and perhaps for several years. Severe skin irritation with marked inflammatory response of epidermis can unde...

ACGIH Carcinogen - Confirmed Animal.

Inhalation (L893); oral (L893); dermal (L893); eye contact (L893).

The primary toxic effects of trans-1,3-dichloropropene are portal-of-entry effects resulting from the chemical reactivity of the compound and its physicochemical properties. Repeated irritation results in a hyperplastic response in the target tissues. The mutagenicity of trans-1,3-dichloropropene is attributed to its biotransformation by cytochrome P-450 to stereospecific epoxides and the hydrolysis product, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanal. It is likely that depletion of glutathione would block the major detoxification pathway for trans-1,3dichloropropene, resulting in increased toxicity of organs such as the liver and kidney because of binding of reactive intermediates to macromolecules in cells. There is some evidence that cytotoxicity of hepatic cells exposed to trans-1,3-dichloropropene...

Intermediate Inhalation: 0.008 ppm (Rabbit) (L893) Chronic Inhalation: 0.007 ppm (Rabbit) (L893)

Oral Slope Factor Reference: IRIS Current

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Soil Saturation Concentration (mg/kg): 1.57e+03

1,3-Dichloropropene: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. /1,3-Dichloropropene, Technical Grade/

Soil Saturation Concentration (mg/kg): 1.57e+03

Reference: Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP