化合物详情

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Chronic toxicity of potassium nitrate due to a slight incr of KNO3 (8.5 mg K/L or 22 mg KNO3/L) was studied /in Tinca tinca (tench)/ over an exposure period of 2 to 35 days /in a/ flow-through /system/. The effect on blood and tissue parameters such as: plasma glycose, free plasma fatty acids, plasma glycerol, serum lactic acid, amino acids of whole blood and of plasma and of plasma cortisol was studied. Further Na and K were assayed in whole blood, plasma and liver, water content in liver and in muscle was determined together with glycogen levels in the heart, the liver and the muscles ... When Tinca tinca was exposed to a slight incr in the potassium content of the water (from 1.5 mg K/L to 8.5 mg K/L) metabolic and hormonal changes occurred which lasted more than 4...

... potassium nitrate ... /is/ present in well water contaminated by runoff from nitrogen fertilizers, decaying matter, or sewage treatment plants.

Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137)

Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613)

LD50: 1901 mg/kg (Oral, Rabbit) (T13)

Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137)

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

Oral (L1137); inhalation (L1137)

Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613)

The lethal dose of potassium nitrate for an adult ranges from 54 to 462 mg/kg.

Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135)

LD50 Rat oral 3015 mg/kg