化合物详情

The milk of female vineyard workers, who were exposed to copper sulfate and a variety of other pesticides, contained 6.2 times as much copper as the milk of milkmaids who did equally hard work but not exposed to pesticides.

Pesticide Ecotoxicity Data from EPA: 10

... Granular copper sulfate /was applied/ to the surface of Hoover Reservoir, Franklin County, Ohio. Soluble and particulate cupric copper concn at several depths were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for four days after application. The soluble cupric copper concn decreased to near baseline values in 2 to 6 hr when 0.2 or 0.4 g of copper sulfate per square meter were added to the surface. Most of the copper sulfate was dissolved in the first 1.75 m of the water column, and only 2 percent of the total copper sulfate reached the depth of approx 4.5 m.

The milk of female vineyard workers, who were exposed to copper sulfate and a variety of other pesticides, contained 6.2 times as much copper as the milk of milkmaids who did equally hard work but not exposed to pesticides.

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur along the food chain, for example in fish. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Occurs in nature as mineral hydrocyanite.

... Copper sulfate ... may originate from mining and ore crushing and beneficiation processes. Smelting operations may /also/ produce /copper/ sulfate ... .

Breathing high levels of copper can cause irritation of the nose and throat. Ingesting high levels of copper can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and respiratory difficulty. (L278, L279)

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

LD50: 300 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L341) LD50: 20 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rabbit) (L341) LD50: 43 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (L341) LD50: 49 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (L341)

People must absorb small amounts of copper every day because copper is essential for good health, however, high levels of copper can be harmful. Very-high doses of copper can cause damage to your liver and kidneys, and can even cause death. Copper may induce allergic responses in sensitive individuals. (L278, L279)

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

Oral (L277); inhalation (L277); dermal (L277)

Excess copper is sequestered within hepatocyte lysosomes, where it is complexed with metallothionein. Copper hepatotoxicity is believed to occur when the lysosomes become saturated and copper accumulates in the nucleus, causing nuclear damage. This damage is possibly a result of oxidative damage, including lipid peroxidation. Copper inhibits the sulfhydryl group enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, and paraoxonases, which protect the cell from free oxygen radicals. It also influences gene expression and is a co-factor for oxidative enzymes such as cytochrome C oxidase and lysyl oxidase. In addition, the oxidative stress induced by copper is thought to activate acid sphingomyelinase, which lead to the production of ceramide, an apoptotic signal, as...

Acute Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

LD50 Rat oral 300 mg/kg body weight LD50 Rabbit Oral 125 mg/kg body weight LD100 Mouse Oral 50 mg/kg body weight /from table/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine, hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Copper and related compounds/