化合物详情

EC50; Species: Lemna minor (Duckweed); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C; Concentration: 2300 ug/L for 7 days (95% confidence interval: 870-8500 ug/L); Effect: growth, decreased growth rate

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Sodium chromate's use in drilling muds(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC). About one metric ton of sodium chromate has been used annually in drilling muds for an average West Texas well to combat fatigue corrosion cracking of drill strings(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 80,015 workers (3,487 of these are female) were potentially exposed to sodium chromate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to sodium chromate may occur through inhalation of dust and particulates and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sodium chromate is produced or used(2).

Breathing hexavalent chromium can cause irritation to the lining of the nose, nose ulcers, runny nose, and breathing problems, such as asthma, cough, shortness of breath, or wheezing. Ingestion of hexavalent chromium causes irritation and ulcers in the stomach and small intestine, as well as anemia. Skin contact can cause skin ulcers. (L16)

There is no know antidote for chromium poisoning. Exposure is usually handled with symptomatic treatment. (L16)

LD50: 28 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L16) LD50: 57 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat)(T14) LD50: 426 mg/kg over 2 days (Dermal, Rabbit) (L16) LD50: 164 mg/kg (Intravenous, Cat) (T14) LC50: 33 mg/m3 over 4 hours (Inhalation, Rat) (L16)

Hexavalent chromium is a known carcinogen. Chronic inhalation especially has been linked to lung cancer. Hexavalent chromium has also been know to cause reproductive and developmental defects. (A12)

ACGIH Carcinogen - Confirmed Human.

Inhalation (L16); oral (L16); dermal (L16)

Hexavalent chromium's carcinogenic effects are caused by its metabolites, pentavalent and trivalent chromium. The DNA damage may be caused by hydroxyl radicals produced during reoxidation of pentavalent chromium by hydrogen peroxide molecules present in the cell. Trivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methylt...

Intermediate Oral: 0.005 mg/kg/day (L134) Chronic Oral: 0.001 mg/kg/day (L134)

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

LD50 Cat iv 164 mg/kg

A1; Confirmed human carcinogen. /Insoluble Cr(VI) inorganic compounds/