化合物详情

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bromine pentafluoride, which has a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air(3). Bromine pentafluoride explodes and decomposes on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(4). It fumes in air(5), reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containing materials(3).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water(1). It also explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax)(2).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). Therefore, bioconcentration in fish is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). Therefore, volatilization from water is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). It also explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax)(2).

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Occupational exposure to bromine pentafluoride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bromine pentafluoride is produced or used. (SRC)

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates bromine pentafluoride will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air. Therefore, if released in the atmosphere, it may tend to remain close to the ground and be transported to soil by wet deposition. Bromine pentafluoride decomposes on contact with water, sometimes explosively, to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials. It fumes in air, reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containi...

Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L626, L627)

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627)

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

Oral (L626); inhalation (L626); dermal (L626)

Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ...use of BrF5 and BrF3 in the synthesis of uranium hexafluoride suggests the possibility of coexposure to bromine and uranium fluorides in the context of accidental releases. As HF is a hydrolysis product of both the bromine fluorides and uranium hexafluoride, coexposure to these compounds might lead to greater toxicity due to higher levels of the reaction product HF.

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Individuals with asthma may respond to exposure to respiratory irritants with increased bronchial responsiveness. The elderly and those who are ill may also have increased susceptibility to the effects of irritants. Individuals under stress, such as those involved in emergency situations and individuals engaged in physical activity, will experience greater deposition and pulmonary irritation than individuals at rest. Furthermore, individuals who breathe through their mouths would be at greater risk.

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs o...