化合物详情

HYDRATED FORM OCCURS IN NATURE AS THE MINERAL NITROMAGNESITE.

Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137)

Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613)

Binding of iron to transferrin was studied by loading iron(III) onto apotransferrin in a chloride and a nitrilotriacetate form. When magnesium (as magnesium nitrate solution) was added, a marked increase occurred in both the rate of iron binding and the maximum level of iron loaded on transferrin using either iron salt. In the absence of magnesium the amount of iron required to achieve 50% saturation of the binding sites was 0.00016 M, whereas when magnesium was added, only about one third as much iron (54 uM) was required.

Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137)

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

Oral (L1137); inhalation (L1137)

Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613)

Probable oral lethal dose in humans is 0.5-5.0 g/kg bw

/BIOMONITORING/ Magnesium nitrate is a methemoglobin-forming agent /SRP: because of the nitrate environment/. /FROM TABLE/

Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135)

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Studies were conducted to determine the effects of inhalation exposure to particulate and gaseous air pollutants on the resistance to exptl bacterial pneumonia. Changes in resistance to this resp infection, expressed as changes in mortality rates & survival time, served as the most sensitive & consistent indicators of damage produced by the exposure. It was possible to rank the effects of single 3-hr inhalation exposure to the particulate pollutants. Magnesium nitrate was among the least toxic. The metallic cation appeared to be most important in altering the resistance to infection.