Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is the active component of propolis, a honeybee hive product. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a specific inhibitor of the nuclear transcription factor, NF-κB.CAPE has been shown to significantly suppress the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism during inflammation. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits HIV-1 integrase, and also inhibits proliferation of transformed cells. It induces apoptosis in transformed fibroblasts, and interferes with EGF signal transduction affecting both protein kinase C and ornithine decarboxylase activity.