氮化硅基陶瓷具有较高的断裂韧性、硬度和耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、热稳定性。氮化硅存在两种已知的多晶型，α 和 β Si 3 N 4 ，都具有六角结构。研究表明，第三态的立方尖晶石结构也已被合成。 Silicon nitride based ceramics possess high fracture toughness, hardness and wear resistance, resistance to corrosion, thermal stability. Two known polymorphs of silicon nitride exist, alpha and beta Si 3 N 4 , both have hexagonal structure. A study shows that a third state, cubic spinel structure, has also been synthesized.